A universal guide to the world of power hydraulics
Power hydraulics is a branch of technology dealing with the transfer of energy by means of fluids, such as hydraulic oils. Nowadays, elements of power hydraulics can be found in many industries, such as construction, automotive and agriculture. In this article, we will introduce the basic issues related to power hydraulics. We will learn about its application and the components that are necessary for the proper functioning of hydraulic systems.
Basic components of the hydraulic power system
A power hydraulics system consists of several major components that work together to allow energy transferring energy and performing work. Here are the most important components of hydraulic power systems:
- Hydraulic actuator – is the primary actuator in a hydraulic power system. Its job is to convert hydraulic energy into mechanical energy, allowing work to be done, such as lifting weights. CPP “PREMA” S.A. piston hydraulic cylinders, available in sizes from D25 to D160, are the perfect solution for the industrial sector. With a nominal operating pressure of 16 MPa and a wide operating temperature range of -30°C to +80°C, they are ideal for a variety of applications.
- Hydraulic pump – is responsible for moving hydraulic fluid through the system and generating the pressure necessary for the operation of the actuators.
- Hydraulic oil tank – stores the hydraulic oil that is necessary for the system’s operation. The tank also performs the function of cooling and cleaning the oil.
- Hydraulic cables – connect the individual components of the system and allow hydraulic oil to flow between them.
- Hydraulic valves – control the flow of hydraulic oil in the system, thereby regulating the work of actuators and other system components.
- Hydraulic distributor – makes it possible to control the operation of several actuators simultaneously, distributing the flow of hydraulic oil between them.
Application of power hydraulics
Power hydraulics is used in many areas of life, whether in industry, agriculture, automotive or everyday use. In this section, we will look at the various applications of power hydraulics, with a focus on its role in vehicles and other practical applications.
Power hydraulics in vehicles - how does it work?
The functioning of many systems, such as the braking system, power steering and suspension, is carried out using hydraulic components. In the case of the braking system, the force applied to the brake pedal is transmitted via hydraulic fluid to the brake calipers, which clamp down on the brake discs, causing the vehicle to stop. Power steering is based on a similar principle, where the driver’s force is assisted by hydraulic force, making it easier to turn the vehicle’s wheels. Hydraulic suspension allows the vehicle’s height to be adjusted and vibrations to be dampened, resulting in a comfortable ride. CPP “PREMA” S.A. plunger hydraulic cylinders, are irreplaceable in hydraulic systems as actuators. Their design allows to obtain working movement by pumping the working medium into the cylinder.
It is also worth mentioning the use of power hydraulics in specialized vehicles, such as cranes, excavators and forklifts. In these cases, power hydraulics makes it possible to perform precise and efficient work, such as lifting, lowering or rotating loads.
Other practical applications of power hydraulics
In addition to vehicle applications, power hydraulics is widely used in other fields:
- Industry – power hydraulics is used in industrial machinery and devices, such as presses, injection molding machines and metalworking machines. It makes it possible to perform precise and demanding tasks.
- Agriculture – in agriculture, power hydraulics is essential for tractors, harvesters or tillage machines. It makes it possible to perform a variety of tasks, such as lifting, lowering or rotating tools.
- Construction – in the construction industry, power hydraulics is used in machines such as excavators, cranes and concrete mixers. It makes it possible to perform earthworks, transport materials or mix concrete.
- Power industry – in the power industry, power hydraulics is used in hydroelectric power plants, where the force of water is used to drive turbines that generate electricity.
High-quality construction materials and modern face seals, used in hydraulic piston cylinders from CPP “PREMA” S.A., guarantee their reliability and durability. They are used in agricultural, construction and mining machinery, road and rail transportation.
In summary, the application of power hydraulics is extremely wide and covers many areas of life. Thanks to it, it is possible to perform precise, demanding and efficient tasks, which translates into technological development and improvement of the quality of life.
Power hydraulics components
In this section we will take a closer look at the various components of power hydraulics, their functions and applications. Learning about these components will give you a better understanding of how power hydraulic systems work and how they are designed. In our guide, we highlight the importance of sensors in power hydraulic systems.
Hydraulic cylinders - types and applications
There are two main types of hydraulic actuators:
- Single-acting plunger actuators – have a single working chamber, in which hydraulic fluid flows under pressure, causing the movement of the piston. When the actuator is finished, the piston is returned to its initial position by an external force (e.g., a spring). CPP “PREMA” S.A. plunger hydraulic cylinders, available in size group 77 (from D25 to D80).
- Double-acting actuators – have two working chambers in which hydraulic fluid flows alternately, causing the piston to move in both directions. As a result, these actuators can operate in both extension and contraction.
Our company offers cylinders made of structural carbon steel (piston rod, heads or body) offering strength and reliability in all operating conditions.
Hydraulic cables and their importance in the system
Hydraulic cables are responsible for transferring hydraulic fluid under pressure between system components. The hoses must be durable and resistant to high pressure and temperatures. There are three main types of hydraulic cables:
- Rubber – flexible, easy to install, but less resistant to high pressure and temperatures than metal hoses.
- Metal – made of high-quality steel, resistant to high pressure and temperatures, but less flexible than rubber hoses.
- Thermoplastic – combine the advantages of rubber and metal hoses, and are flexible, resistant to high pressure and temperatures, and easy to install.
Hydraulic coupling and hydraulic quick couplings - what you should know
Hydraulic connector and hydraulic quick couplings are used to connect hydraulic cables to other system components, such as actuators or pumps. The couplings must be leak-proof and resistant to corrosion and high pressure. Hydraulic quick couplings allow easy and quick connection and disconnection of hydraulic system components without draining the system of hydraulic fluid.
Hydraulic distributor, hydraulic pumps and other key components
The hydraulic manifold and hydraulic pumps are other components of hydraulic power systems. The hydraulic manifold controls the flow of hydraulic fluid and the direction of its flow, allowing control of the various components of the system. Hydraulic pumps generate pressure in the hydraulic power system by pumping hydraulic fluid. Pumps must be efficient and durable to ensure reliable system operation.
Purchase and maintenance of power hydraulics
In this section, we will discuss how to properly select and purchase hydraulic fittings, when to overhaul hydraulic systems, and how to perform hydraulic hose crimping.
How to properly select and purchase plumbing fixtures?
Choosing the right hydraulic fittings is crucial to the proper operation of a hydraulic power system. When selecting a hydraulic connector and hydraulic quick coupler, it is worth paying attention to the following factors:
- Material – hydraulic fittings should be made of materials resistant to corrosion, high pressure and temperatures. CPP “PREMA” S.A. hydraulic cylinders are treated with anti-corrosion paint for long-term protection. The head, body and piston rod are made of structural carbon steel, offering strength and reliability in all operating conditions.
- Dimensions – connectors and quick couplings must fit the hydraulic cables and other system components.
- Type of connector – it is worth choosing connectors that are easy to install and remove, especially if you frequently change the configuration of the system.
It is also a good idea to consult with our hydraulic experts before purchasing.
Renovating hydraulic systems - when and how to do it?
Renovating hydraulic systems should be carried out regularly to ensure reliable operation of the system. Here are some situations that may indicate the need for a renovation:
- Leakage of hydraulic fluid from hoses or couplings.
- A decline in the performance of the hydraulic power system.
- Damage or wear to system components, such as hydraulic actuators or pumps.
During a renovation, it is a good idea to carefully check the condition of all system components, replace damaged or worn parts, and maintain the remaining components.
Crimping hydraulic hoses - basic information
Crimping of hydraulic hoses is the process of connecting hydraulic cables with fittings using special crimping machines. Crimping makes it possible to achieve tight and durable connections that are resistant to high pressure and temperatures. Here is some basic information about crimping hydraulic hoses:
- Selecting fittings – the fittings for crimping should be matched to the type of hydraulic cables and their diameter.
- Preparation of the hoses – before cupping, the hydraulic cables should be thoroughly cleaned and their condition checked.
- The crimping process – crimping should be carried out with specialized machines that ensure adequate pressure and precision.
- Quality control – after cupping, it is worth checking the tightness of the connections and their pressure resistance.
How to choose the right hydraulic manufacturer?
Choosing the right hydraulic manufacturer is fundamental to ensuring reliability. When choosing, it is worth paying attention to the following factors:
- Experience – a manufacturer with a long history in the market usually offers proven and reliable products.
- Quality – high quality products are essential, it is worth paying attention to certifications and warranties.
- Technical support – a good manufacturer should offer technical support and help in selecting the right components.
- Opinions – it is worth checking the opinions of other users and experts in the field of power hydraulics.
When choosing a hydraulic manufacturer, it is also worth paying attention to its product range and the ability to customize components – all this is provided by our company.
Summary
In this article, we have presented a comprehensive guide to the world of power hydraulics, discussing its basics, applications, components, and purchasing and maintenance aspects.
In the article, we discussed such topics as the basic components of a hydraulic power system, applications in vehicles and other mechanization processes, and types and applications of hydraulic actuators, among others. The importance of hydraulic cables, hydraulic couplings and quick couplings, as well as hydraulic distributors and pumps.
We also stressed the importance of choosing the right power hydraulic manufacturer, which is our company. We paid attention to such aspects as experience, quality, technical support, reviews, as well as a wide assortment and attractive prices. Knowledge of power hydraulics will allow you to make informed decisions related to the purchase and maintenance of hydraulic systems.
If you need assistance or would like to learn more about the machines built by CPP “PREMA” S.A., we encourage you to contact us.